Varicherosis is a pathological condition, the result of chronic venous insufficiency, in which venous walls become thinner, the veins lumen increases and expansion (nodes) aneurysm is formed.Visually, the veins are very swollen, blue, curling.It manifests itself by a feeling of severity in the legs and its fatigue, edema of the feet and legs, nocturnal seizures in the legs.
The causes of varicose veins
It is impossible to name a specific reason, but there are several factors, which may cause an increase in pressure and a decrease in veins elasticity as well as in weakening valves as a result, varicose veins develop.
In clinical phlegology, several provocative factors that lead to varicose veins are distinguished:
- Work in the legs or a long standing stay.
- Using socks with strong elastic bands that tighten the legs.
- Tissue weakness as a result of congenital characteristics.
- Direction.The legs have an increased load of the whole body.This factor is dangerous for people whose work involves a prolonged position.
- Genetic predisposition.If parents had varicose veins, a child with a probability of 70% will also have the development of the pathology.It is true that the risks can be reduced, avoiding their appearance.To do this, you just don't have to create thought -provoking factors.With a genetic predisposition, varicose veins appear very early.
- Life.If a person is not active enough, the risk of varicose veins increases.Phlebologists call a state of "computer varicose veins" similar.
- Hormonal and fetus failures.During pregnancy, varicose veins develop due to an increase in blood volume, and tightens the veins that increase the size of the uterus.In hormonal failures, progesterone production and the reduction in increased estrogen synthesis, which increases blood coagulation.
- Obstacles of blood exit.This condition occurs with the formation of blood clots, the development of tumors.
- Obesity.Excess weight increases the load on the feet, malnutrition of blood circulation begins and extra pounds cause an increase in abdominal pressure, which alters blood outlet.
- Diabetes.In case of disease, a high rate of sugar begins to damage the vascular system, which leads to the formation of blood clots.
- Stress and nerve disorders affect blood vessels lead to the development of varicose veins.
- Alcohol abuse.Alcohol is capable of bending the body and, with excessive consumption, blood thickens, begins the blockade of the veins and the malnutrition of the blood flow.
- Unstable nutrition.If the body does not receive vitamins C, and P, as well as useful elements: blood circulation is disturbed, the state of the blood vessels worsen, which leads to varicose veins.
- Frequent delay of stools.In this case, the abdominal pressure increases and the blood exit on the legs is disturbed.
- Kidney and Heart Pathologies.
- An overdose of medicines to increase blood coagulation.
Depending on the cause of disease development, three main stages of varicose veins can be distinguished:
- Compensation.
- Subcompensation.
- Decompensation.
The varicose veins do not apply to serious but frightening pathologies with their complications.
Pay attention!If the disease appears, it will not go through its own.The premature appeal to an expert leads to serious violations, which represents a danger.
The main symptoms of varicose veins
The clinical image of varicose veins is not difficult, this allows a phlebologist to quickly make a preliminary diagnosis and direct the patient to instrumental diagnosis.
Among the main signs of varicose veins, they distinguish:
- The emergence of swelling in the legs until the end of the day at night.The first symptom is among the possible, especially when wearing tight shoes.After normal rest in the morning, the swelling disappears.
- Weight in the legs.One person feels not only severity, but bursting in calves, especially after a day of work.A symptom appears more often in people with sedentary work.If you walk at night and rest well, the signs disappear in the morning, but at night they reappear.
- Strong heat in the legs, namely, calves.
- Night seizures that reduce caviar.
- The appearance of a vascular mesh on the legs (blue stars).
- An increase in the veins in the legs (as if running on the skin).This feature develops one of them and speaks of a pronounced expansion of varicose veins.
The symptoms described are subject to mandatory treatment than before that, the less serious complications will be.
Varicose vein complications
With the appearance of varicose veins, the pathology itself will not pass and without treatment begins to give complications.What are dangerous varicose veins and what consequences can be against the background of the disease?
The complicated form of the course of varicose veins is declared by:
- Acute -shaped thrombophlebitis.
- Trophic ulcers.
- Phlebotrombosis.
- Bleeding.
A progressive disease causes the development of varicotrombophlebitis and then phlebotricosis.Such states affect the deep veins, blood flow in the legs is not only disturbed, but it may stop due to which forms of gangrene.
Varicose veins
At the beginning of the development of varicose veins, symptoms are usually not expressed, usually leg pain and other sensations are downloaded in fatigue.
The patient is not resolved to visit the doctor to the doctor (when the veins begin to swell and this becomes a remarkable naked eye).
The diagnoses of varicose veins are involved in a specialized photobologist, the diagnosis is established based on a conversation with the patient, confrontation, as well as diagnostic data, in particular ::
- Duplex color examination.It makes it possible to measure the speed, direction of the blood.The data allows you to extract a map of the blood flow.
- Phlemopiography.Show the external characteristics of the veins, the work of the valves.The method is used in extreme cases.
- Diagnostic Samples - Allow you to determine the forviety of the veins and the condition of the valves.The most common collapse is Troyanov.
- Dopplerography - A blood flow is performed on a specific vessel.
Methods described are used to diagnose superficial and deep veins.
The consequences of varicose veins in the legs
The danger is not in the varicose veins themselves, but the subsequent complications and consequences that become a real threat to human life.Consider in more detail.
Venous deficiency
This condition involves several steps of development.At the beginning of venous insufficiency, changes are insignificant and horizontal venous reflux appears.
4 stages can be distinguished:
- Zero.There are no characteristic symptoms, only the temporary swelling of the legs occurs, the veins are slightly noticeable.
- First.It is accompanied by a strong expansion of vessels of varicose veins in the legs, but there are no trophic failures.
- Second.The obvious appearance of veins in the legs with a large number of us, the legs are affected by eczema, ulcers.
- The third.A persistent trophic violation that cannot be interrupted with medicines.
In chronic venous insufficiency, patients occur in the following symptoms:
- Itch.
- Pain.
- Seizures.
- Swelling.
- Blood stagnation and the appearance of formations (varicose nodes).
- Ulcers.
Thrombophlebitis
This complication is characterized by the appearance of blood clots that obstruct the vessels.The blood becomes viscous, which leads to an output complication.The upper leg and the bottom of the thigh are affected.The phlebologist can easily determine the complication of express changes:
- Redness.
- Pain.
- Weakness.
- Fabric sealing.
With the development of thrombophlebitis, many veins are affected, including pulmonary artery.Treatment of thrombophlebitis should be performed without delay in the first symptoms, surgery is used as therapy.
In the early stages, outpatient therapy is performed if varicose veins do not reach the leg.
For treatment, they use it:
- Non -esteroid medications to remove inflammation.
- Anticoagulants.
- AngioProtectors.
- Diggarts.
Trophyl ulcer
A trophic ulcer always occurs in advanced cases when blood exit is very disturbed.Characteristic signals of complication:
- Slow formation.
- The darkening of the skin on the legs, severe pigmentation.
Any leg injury can cause damage and rupture of ulcers.If you provide fast assistance, there will be no consequences and the injury will heal quickly;Otherwise, tissue inflammation will be possible, the development of bacterial infection of variable gravity will be possible.
For the treatment of complicated trophic ulcers, an operation is performed.During treatment, experts prescribe rest in bed for 2 or more weeks.As conservative treatment, there are prescribed antibiotics of wide action, regenerating drugs and local anti -supports.
Pulmonary artery thromboembolism
Thromboembolism is the most dangerous and often mortal consequence.This condition involves the occlusion of the pulmonary artery or its thrombotic branches through the masses that came out.
The main risks of development:
- Oncology.
- Surgical intervention.
- Heart failure.
- Thrombophilia.
- Long lying.
Women are more often subject to complications, development is possible even in children.You can determine the pulmonary artery thromboembolio by the following symptoms:
- Chest pain.
- Temperature growth.
- Tachycardia.
- Expectation with blood.
- Cough.
- Squeaking.
- DYSPNEA.
It is impossible to diagnose the disease itself, suspected of thromboembolism, urgent hospitalization is performed.
Treatment of varicose veins and prevention
To date, various main types of varicose vein expansion treatment are used:
- Conservative treatment.The technique depends on the stage of the disease.Use drug therapy, affected vein sclerotherapy, compression treatment.
- Surgical treatment.Several types of operations are included in this method: vein radio frequencies, intravenous thermal occlusion, Varadi operation and vein laser coagulation.
The essence of prevention is to keep vases in a healthy state, as well as prevent venous circulation failures.
Preventive measures are also shown to healthy people who, due to genetics or permanent work, are possible to develop varicose veins, as well as for those who are already sick with varicose veins.
For prevention purposes, you should:
- To control body weight, with obesity to the legs, a strong load is that blood circulation and blood vessels cannot function normally.Applying diets to reduce the dough, the menu must be controlled so that it is correct and full.
- It is right to eat, so that there are products in the diet that strengthens the vascular system and normalize blood circulation.It is necessary to include more plant foods, bread made of thick flour.
- Perform moderate physical activity that avoids varicose veins and supporting the veins of the legs in good shape.Swimming, walking, dancing is ideal.
- Wear free clothes, shoes.
- Use products in the form of ointments and creams that can saturate useful tissues, improve blood circulation and strengthen blood vessels.
Even if varicose veins begin to develop, prevention can significantly decrease pathology development, reduce the risk of complications.